New jersey bluebook as modified by the new jersey manual on. The apa style blog indicates to put the case name in italics for the intext citation. Apr 03, 2020 while you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. The heavy abbreviation system all words in case names, other than the first word of either partys name, is abbreviated if it is listed in table 6 on pages 30203 of the. Although im no bluebook expert, either, heres an example using this case.
Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebook s unique system of citation in their writing. An abbreviation for the latin et sequentes or et sequentia, meaning and the following. In the reference list entry, give the popular or official name of the act if any and the year of the act. The answer depends on how thoroughly naturalized the word, abbreviation, or phrase has become in english. Always use a signal unless 1 the cited authority directly. Claudia catalano, annotation, unlawful access under stored communications act, 18 u. If you encounter a situation that is not covered in this guide, make sure to check the bluebook for more detail. Sep 28, 2009 some legal writing profs have been reminiscing about the days when they learned to use the bluebook back when that wasnt its official name, back when it was shorter, back when it wasnt even. Punctuation that is part of any of the above elements is italicized along with it, but punctuation that separates that element from other parts of the citation should not be. Et seq italicized blue book keyword found websites listing. The answer to your question may vary depending on what your states style sheet says, if in fact your state has adopted one. The blog offers tips and tricks that complement the issues and examples. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal authorities upon.
The bluebook s effort is unobjectionable and takes up little space, so i am not disposed to criticize it. Other changes are also minor, such as moving supra from before the page referenced to after the page number. There are many permutations of citing to a book or treatise. While you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. The purpose of this guide is to introduce the bluebook and basic concepts of legal citation to new law students. Rules or situations may have changed since this page was last updated. Citing legal materials in apa style university library.
Georgetown law library guides research process bluebook guide federal statutes search this guide search. Law library basic legal citation starting points most lawyers and law students seem to think that properly citing legal materials is a nightmare. Double check with your professor, outside guides, and the bluebook rules themselves. Quotingciting phrases and priorsubsequent history are separated by commas without brackets or italics. To the point is an online writing course for tax professionals accountants and attorneys. Federal statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown law. Citing statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown. Phrases use parentheticals for weight of authority, citingquoting phrases, and case explanations in that order no italics. Anatomy of basic legal citations citations to legal materials such as cases, statutes, regulations, books and journal articles generally follow a standard format that enables the reader to identify what kind of material the text refers to, and to find the cited material in a library or using library databases. Jan 30, 2011 boston college law school professor richard albert responded to my question and, with his. It has been replaced by multiple tables institutions, common words, geographical terms and a set of principles on how to construct a journal abbreviation from. It is commonly used by lawyers to include numbered lists, pages or sections after the first number is stated, as in the rules of the road are found in vehicle code section 1204, et seq. Italics supra may be used to refer to certain types of previously cited materials as well as internal crossreferences. Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the authors, title of the article in italics, volume number of the source, title of the source i.
Should one or two section symbols be used in an et seq. It is not intended to be a comprehensive discussion of citation rules. For an apa style reference list, treat legal citations as works with no authors. This manual is not comprehensive, and the current edition of the bluebook controls where it is silent. There have been moments of love and moments of hate, but mostly, as someone who appreciates order, structure, and rules, love. This reminds me of underlining or italics with case citations. Cite a later section of the code if your work specifically refers to a section of title vii that was amended after 1964. Case citation rule 10 case citation rule 10 suffolk law school. Below are suggested formats for common types of legal. Latin phrases are not hyphenated when used adjectivally, e. Jul 19, 2019 a new print edition is published every six years and updated annually between editions with a cumulative supplement. Jul 19, 2019 the precise format of a statutory citation depends on a number of factors. The bluebook does a pretty good job of giving examples of the particular statute you may be citing. Students often struggle to find the year of the california statutes on lexis or westlaw.
The scope of the indigo books coverage is roughly equivalent to the bluebooks bluepagesthat is, the indigo book covers legal citation for u. As a legal reference librarian, my interest in legal citation is more researchfocused than anything. Name, legal citation issuing court abbreviation year. For more help and explanations, consult the latest edition of the bluebook. Et seq legal definition of et seq legal dictionary. Federal statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown. Citing statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown law.
Table of authorities the ultimate guide 3 comments its the one legal professionspecific feature in microsoft word. The indigo book isnt the same as the bluebook, but it does implement the same uniform system of citation that the bluebook does. Its limited aim is to serve as a tutorial on how to cite the most widely referenced types of u. Bluebooking california statutes bluebooking and legal. A uniform system of citation, kept at the reference desk kf 245. Always use a signal unless 1 the cited authority directly states the proposition in the text. Boston college law school professor richard albert law facstaffdeansfacultyalbertr. Legal writing prof blog law professor blogs network. Equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities, 42 u. However, it is not identical to the bluebook, especially with regard to citing local sources. Neither lexis or westlaw provide an exact copy of their print statutes online, so you will need to access the print statutes on the second floor, across from the double doors. A uniform system of citation exemplifies hypertrophy in the anthropological sense. The best way to get good at this is to do it and do it often. Remove any organizational designations apart from the first rule 10.
Jun 18, 2014 this reminds me of underlining or italics with case citations. How do you decide which latin phrases to italicize and which ones to keep in roman type. Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the volume number, authors, title in italics, section number andor page number andor paragraph number when pinpoint citing, editors andor translators if listed, and year. Below are examples based on the 18th edition of the bluebook. A practical guide to clear and powerful writing to the point. Introductory signals and citation structure signals indicate the degree of support given by cited authority.
This relation can be supportive, comparative, or contradictory. Typeface conventions bluebook legal citation tarlton law. Some basics on bluebooking with a focus on maryland rules this is a quick guide to citing maryland cases and statutes, based on bluebook rules 10 and 12. To the point publications, llc offers to the point.
California style manual for many years, the california style manual has served as the official guide for styling citations to legal materials in documents filed with state courts in california. The precise format of a statutory citation depends on a number of factors. In citations basic legal citation cornell university. There are many permutations of citing to legal periodicals. Second, saying and the stuff that follows seems unhelpfully vague. Basic legal citation starting points most lawyers and law students seem to think that properly citing legal materials is a nightmare. If you are citing a federal statute currently in force, the bluebook dictates that you cite to the united states code if it contains the current version of a statute rule 12. The 6th edition of the publication manual of the american psychological association 2010 outlines the citation style for legal materials in the appendix to chapter 7 pp. Effective january 1, 2008, however, california rule of court, rule 1. A number of sources are available to help you become proficient and professional in the art of legal citation.
Otherwise, two section symbols should be used for et seq. What i mean is like terms such as en banc and certiorari. Use a single space between sentences in a paragraph. However, the first word of a party name should never be abbreviated in the text or a footnote unless it. It means and the following, and is not usually underlined. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal. My relationship with the bluebook goes back to when i was a firstyear law student in 2004. If the article is written by a student author, the designation of the piece see r. The bluebook system, however, is subject to the exceptions set forth in this manual. For court decisions, statutes, codes and other legal publications, apa uses the formats outlined in the bluebook. Table of authorities the ultimate guide legal office guru.
Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation in their writing. Essentially the order of signals is supporting, comparative, contradictory, and general background. A uniform system of citation, a style guide, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the united states. And, judging from some of the requests i receive from my newsletter readers, its also one of the most intimidating. Your professor or court system may have special rules. Latin words should usually be printed in italics e. It is often written in italics as are other latin expressions, but i think that this is a matter of style. Publications office interinstitutional style guide 10. However, the basic format of a statutory citation is as follows. This is not a comprehensive citation reference work. Alr first year legal research guide libguides at loyola. This presentation is about writing for practice not for academia.
Child abuse prevention and treatment act of 1974 statutes no name. Signals are important because they indicate how a cited authority relates to the text. Some legal writing profs have been reminiscing about the days when they learned to use the bluebookback when that wasnt its official name. Introduce prior and subsequent history w italicized phrase. At asl, the primary source for rules regarding legal citation is the. This section provides a brief guide to frequently used bluebook citation rules and sets out several exceptions. How to cite legal materials follow the bluebook style, as closely as you can. Although if you want to be really classy, youd put it in italics, like some. The text in parentheses indicates that the united states code annotated is published by west publishing and that 2010 is the publication date of the volume. It is used to refer to a page citation that continues on the pages that follow, or a statutory section or subsection and the sections or. When citing a range of sections or an entire act, the range must be specified in the citation. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations. Introductory signals appear at the beginning of citation sentences. The solicitor general issues a style guide that is designed to supplement the bluebook.
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